Field of knowledge
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Domain
(process level)
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Psychological processes
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Abstract patterns
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Physical processes
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Social interactions
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Typical activity
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Performance, motivation, experience, quality, consciousness
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Reasoning, inference, judgment, truthfinding
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Operation, influencing, directing
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Sending and receiving of information
Verbal and nonverbal encoding and decoding
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Problem
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What determines well-being, responding, decision-making of people?
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How do you know what is true, probable, or plausible?
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What is causing a phenomenon - and what are its consequences?
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What does language 'tell'? What does communication 'do'?
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Topic
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Model of functioning/system
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Laws of truth,
valid schemes of inference
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Laws of cause-effect,
causal hypothesis/model
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Principles of contact, communication and language use
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Mode of information
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Information in behavior and experience
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Information in combinations and implications
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Information in processes of cause-effect
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Information in sign and meaning
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Substance
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Quality: meanings, sense-data, emotions, esthetics, .. qualia
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Quantity: combinations, derivation relations
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Operation: dynamics; causal mechanisms
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Physical manifestation: expressions
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Type of structure
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Semantic network
Content and consistency of experience : model, determines associative thinking.
'We anticipate events by construing their replications' (Kelly, G.A., 1955;
Construct Theory, Construction Collorary').
'The map is not the territory' (A. Korzybski).
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Logical structure
Planning Patterns: Abstract structure, represents logical combinations and implications: preconditions
for truth value.
'To discover truths is the task of all sciences, it falls to logic to discern the laws of truth'
(G. Frege).
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Causal relations
Using information to achieve desired results.
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Syntax
'Rules' and 'vocabulary' - from language, culture, events or improvisation - for expressing information.
Preconditions for communication.
'The choice of the signifier.. has no natural connection with the signified'
(F. de Saussure, 1916; 1922: p.200).
'The connection of linguistic forms with their meanings is wholly arbitrary'
(L. Bloomfield, 1933, p.145).
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Unique features
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Capacity for consciousness -
Unique features:
(·) Is a necessary condition for all experience and information that we can know of.
(·) Includes quality of experience, intrinsic value, sensory experience, emotion, qualia
etc..
Examples:
• Conscious awareness.
• Conscious noting something (on grounds of difference).
• Degree of global intensity of consciousness.
• Subjective sensations (sentiency).
• Quality aspects of experiences (qualia).
• Clarity, sharpness and detail of experience (lucidity).
• Dynamics of experience (vividness).
• Degree of specific intensity of experience (impressiveness).
• Sense encountered (pregnancy).
• Meaning perceived (intensionality).
• Overall experience of quality
(e.g. experienced degree of happiness, contentment, gratification, fulfillment, satisfaction).
(see a.o. Miller, Kaplan, Searle, Nagel, Chalmers, Lanier, etc.).
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Abstract organization -
Unique features:
(·) Is open to discrete difference, basis of information.
(·) Is quantifiable. Quantity includes e.g., size, number , sign, syntax, structure, complexity
, etc..
(·) Is systematically 'creative'. Combinatorics gives rise to differentiation, by which other
aspects and variations appear.
(·) Is, by combinatory explosion, infinitely expandable (up to unlimited cardinality).
However, any valid expansion or transformation will always be immediately and
inherently reversible, i.e. reducible again to its starting parameters.
(·) Embodies extrinsic organization . Implies Multiple Realizibility .
Offers raw material for Virtual Reality.
(·) Is subject to logical laws, which are described in formal logic and meta-logic.
(eg Frege, Hilbert, Cantor, Russell, Zermelo, Herbrand, Tarski,
Gödel, Church, Kleene, Turing, Lindenbaum, Henkin, Skolem, Löwenheim, Robinson, etc.).
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Physical structure -
Unique features:
(·) Is apparently inherent to physical phenomena such as matter, energie, space and time.
(·) Implies intrinsic organization.
(·) Comprises cause-effect relations (causality).
(see Kant, Peirce, Wehl, Popper, Lakatos and others).
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Intersubjective experience -
Unique features:
(·) Communication consists of 'the offering and accepting of meaning' (V.Satir, 1976)
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(·) Communication enables mutual understanding. The value of shared experience comprises more than '
the sum of its parts'.
(see Korzybski, Leech, Heider, Keller & Brown, Satir, etc.).
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Inherent features
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Discernable of other domains.
(·) Appears to be dependent of neuro-physical functions.
(·) Can not immediadetely, as such, be observed in physical domain.
(·) Is accessible for, but essentially not reducible to, abstract ordering.
Quality can not be substituted or created by quantity.
Is in effect not 'computable' through algorithms.
Thus consciousness can never be imitated, modeled, programmed or generated arithmetically (for example, by algorithms as is proposed in Artificial Intelligence,
Deep Learning, Dataism). This constitutes the 'non-computabality' of consciousness.
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Discernable of other domains.
(·) Is immediately perceivable within consciousness, although only through mental construction.
(·) Can not completely, 100% exactly be 'contained' in conscious perception.
(Can be understood, but is not fully imaginable. Think for example of a 'thousand-sided polygon').
(·) Does not have a 'process nature' or other physical features.
(·) Is not dependent of physical aspects such as
matter, energie, space or time; therefore neither substance, medium or carrier.
(·) Can not immediadetely, as such, be located in physical domain.
(·) Kan niet volledig, 100 % exact worden weergegeven in fysisch domein.
(Can be understood, but can not be fully represented.. Think for example of a 'perfect circle').
(·) May show an approximate symmetry with , but is not really reducible to, physical structure.
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Discernable of other domains.
(·) Appears to be inherently relative.
(·) Is not recognizable 'as such' (an Sich) to us.
(·) Has no - traceable - intrinsic 'meaning'. Has only assigned meaning, through
interpretation.
(·) Physical form may nevertheless, within some shared context (frame of reference
), serve as a vehicle for signaling and communication.
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Discernable of other domains.
(·) Communication makes use of reference by means of form , transmission and meaning.
it thus involves interaction between the domains of information (abstract order), physical processes and
subjective perception.
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Dimension
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Representation
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Foundation
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Workings
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Form of expression
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Phase in information processing
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Perception
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Modeling
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Output
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Input
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Type of processing
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Subjective experience
Association, synthesis;
Valuation, appraisal
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Judgment
Response-options;
Selecting + Deciding
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Information-application
Action;
Physical behavior
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Information exchange
Observation, expression;
Encoding + Decoding
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Operation
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Creative development
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Logical
analysis/testing
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Empirical
analysis/testing
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Language analysis,
interpretation,
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Criteria
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Coherence,
perceptual quality
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Sufficient ground
(Logical validity)
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Predictive power
(Empirical validity)
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Completeness,
credibility
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Type of effect
(cq. spin-off)
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Intra-psychological effect
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Logical consequence (implication)
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Causal effect (impact)
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Semantic effect
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Practical value
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Insight, understanding;
motivation
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Reliability,
information quality
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Effectivity
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Persuasiveness
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Objective
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Quality of experience
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Truth value
(truth resemblance)
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Desired result
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Mutual understanding,
appreciation
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Crucial insights, competencies, tools
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Clear system for goal-directed approach
Clear and coherent view on the human organism
A solid theory of subjective experience
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Effective use of logic
Crystal clear concept of 'information'
Thorough Information gathering
Precise method of analyzing complex problems.
Insights into the nature of domains.
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Clear system for causal analysis.
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Method for systematic, content-free language analysis.
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Components of
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